Claims 32
From the paper Deep brain stimulation induces white matter remodeling and functional changes to brain-wide networks · claims file · checked 2026-10-21: ready
- ed1-behavior-increase
After 6 weeks of SCC-DBS, monkeys N and T spent more time moving and more time foraging in the home cage than before, in the same direction in both animals.
Time spent moving and foraging both increased after SCC-DBS, with concordant effects observed across subjects
Results, SCC-DBS induces selective macroscale remodeling in the CB, paragraph 1; Extended Data Fig. 1How it will be judged
From Methods (Behavior analysis) and the Extended Data Fig. 1 legend. For N and T, the 60 binary 10-s bins of each pre and post session, for movement and for foraging separately (240 values each). ANOVA of the binary values on condition (pre, post) with monkey as a fixed effect, under readings (a) condition, monkey and their interaction (the reported df) and (b) condition and monkey. Reproduced when, under both readings, the condition effect has P < 0.05 with the post probability higher, for both behaviors, and the post probability is higher than the pre in each monkey for both behaviors; the F values and partial eta squared are compared with the expected values under reading (a).
- ed1-monkey-d-no-change
In the unstimulated lead-implanted monkey D, the amount of movement and foraging did not change between before and 6 weeks after implantation.
First, there was no change in the amount of movement or foraging in naturalistic behavior
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 2; Extended Data Fig. 1 (monkey D)How it will be judged
A claim of absence. The paper shows monkey D's probabilities (Extended Data Fig. 1) but reports no test for monkey D; the legend says only N and T were analysed. The test the Methods describe for this measure, applied to one monkey, is a one-way ANOVA of the 120 binary bins on condition (pre, post), at the Methods' P < 0.05. Reproduced when neither movement nor foraging differs at P < 0.05; not reproduced when either does. The pre and post probabilities and their difference are given either way.
- fig2a-cb-fa-increase
After 6 weeks of SCC-DBS, fractional anisotropy (FA) increased in the cingulum bundle of the stimulated hemisphere, with a significant PrePost x side interaction and a significant pre against post difference in the stimulated CB.
We found there was a selective increase in FA in the CB in the stimulated hemisphere, particularly the mid-cingulate portion, after 6 weeks of SCC-DBS
Results, SCC-DBS induces selective macroscale remodeling in the CB, paragraph 3; Fig. 2a and legendHow it will be judged
From Methods (FA analysis) and the Fig. 2a legend. Voxel FA (1.5 mm) within the CB, UF and FM masks of each hemisphere of N and T, both sessions in the pre-DBS T1w space, voxels on the lead track excluded; the voxel counts should match the legend's n. ANOVA as fixed in the opening comment (DBS x side x tract full factorial plus monkey; Tukey-Kramer over the 12 cells). Reproduced when the PrePost x side interaction has P < 0.05 and the stimulated CB's pre against post comparison has P < 0.05 with post FA higher. F and partial eta squared are compared with the expected values.
- fig2a-no-change-other-tracts
FA did not change in the stimulated UF or FM, nor in any of the three tracts of the control hemisphere.
No consistent changes were apparent in either the stimulated UF or the FM ... or in the same tracts within the control hemisphere
Results, SCC-DBS induces selective macroscale remodeling in the CB, paragraph 3; Fig. 2a bottom graphsHow it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, the Tukey-Kramer post hoc of the model of fig2a-cb-fa-increase at P < 0.05. Reproduced when none of the five pre against post comparisons (stimulated UF, stimulated FM, control CB, control UF, control FM) has P < 0.05; not reproduced when any does. The mean change and P of each are given either way.
- ed2-cb-both-monkeys
The FA increase in the stimulated CB was in the same direction in both monkeys.
Importantly, both monkeys exhibited changes in the same direction
Results, SCC-DBS induces selective macroscale remodeling in the CB, paragraph 3; Extended Data Fig. 2How it will be judged
The paper reports no test per monkey. With the voxels of fig2a-cb-fa-increase, reproduced when the mean post minus pre FA in the stimulated CB is positive in monkey N and in monkey T.
- fig2b-mcc-cb-fa-increase
Of the four CB subregions, only the mid-cingulate portion (MCC-CB) of the stimulated hemisphere showed an FA increase, and it did so in both animals.
Comparing the FA values before and after 6 weeks of DBS in four CB subregions revealed that only the mid-cingulate region on the stimulated side showed an increase in FA in both animals
Results, SCC-DBS induces selective macroscale remodeling in the CB, paragraph 3; Fig. 2b and legend; Extended Data Fig. 4aHow it will be judged
From Methods (FA analysis) and the Fig. 2b legend. The CB voxels split into four subregions by the D99 atlas (SCC part, CB adjacent to areas 25 and 32; dACC, to area 24; MCC, to area 24'; PCC, to area 23). The Methods do not define "adjacent"; if the dataset labels voxels by subregion those labels are used, and the voxel counts should match the legend. ANOVA DBS x side x subregion full factorial plus monkey, Tukey-Kramer over the 16 cells. Reproduced when the interaction has P < 0.05, the stimulated MCC-CB pre against post comparison has P < 0.05 with post higher, no other subregion and side has a significant increase, and the stimulated MCC-CB mean post minus pre is positive in each monkey.
- fig3c-cc1-dapi-ratio
The proportion of CC1-positive (myelinating oligodendrocyte) cells among DAPI-positive cells in the MCC-CB was higher in the stimulated than in the control hemisphere, in both animals.
The proportion of CC1 positive cells in the whole DAPI stained population was higher in the mid-cingulate portion of the CB on the stimulated side compared to the control side in both animals
Results, SCC-DBS induces increased myelinating oligodendrocytes and the degree of myelination, paragraph 1; Fig. 3b,c and legendHow it will be judged
From Methods (Immunofluorescence of myelinating oligodendrocytes) and the Fig. 3c legend. The CC1/DAPI ratio (%) of each of the 112 MCC-CB fields of N and T. ANOVA on side with monkey as a fixed effect, readings (a) and (b) of the opening comment. Reproduced when, under both readings, side has P < 0.05 with the stimulated side higher, and each monkey's mean ratio is higher on the stimulated side.
- ed5-cc1-count-dapi-unchanged
In the MCC-CB the number of CC1-positive cells was higher on the stimulated side, while the number of DAPI-positive cells did not differ between hemispheres.
The main effect of side for the number of CC1 positive cells was significant ... while no significant difference was observed for the number of DAPI positive cells
Extended Data Fig. 5 legendHow it will be judged
As fig3c-cc1-dapi-ratio, on the CC1-positive and DAPI-positive counts per field. Reproduced when, under both model readings, the CC1 count has a side effect at P < 0.05 with the stimulated side higher and the DAPI count has none (P >= 0.05, the paper's test for the absence).
- ed6-dacc-ufm-no-oligodendrocyte-change
Neither the CC1/DAPI ratio nor the numbers of CC1-positive and DAPI-positive cells differed between hemispheres in the anterior (dACC) portion of the CB, nor in the region where the FM and UF overlap.
No changes were observed in the anterior portion of CB, consistent with the lack of FA alterations there ... Similarly, the region where the FM and UF overlap showed no oligodendrocyte changes
Results, SCC-DBS induces increased myelinating oligodendrocytes and the degree of myelination, paragraph 1; Extended Data Fig. 6a,bHow it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, the ANOVA of fig3c-cc1-dapi-ratio on the dACC-CB fields (112) and the UF/FM overlap fields (80), at P < 0.05 (Extended Data Fig. 6 legend, which tests the ratio and both counts). Reproduced when the side effect on the CC1/DAPI ratio, the CC1 count and the DAPI count has P >= 0.05 in both regions under reading (a) of the model (the reported df); not reproduced when any has P < 0.05. Reading (b) and the effect sizes are given either way.
- fig3f-g-ratio-decrease
The g-ratio of myelinated axons in the MCC-CB was lower in the stimulated than in the control hemisphere, in both animals, meaning thicker myelin.
In the stimulated hemisphere, the MCC-CB g -ratio was decreased compared to the control hemisphere in both animals
Results, SCC-DBS induces increased myelinating oligodendrocytes and the degree of myelination, paragraph 2; Fig. 3d-f and legendHow it will be judged
From Methods (Electron microscopy analysis of myelin thickness) and the Fig. 3f legend. One g-ratio per axon, as defined in the opening comment, axons with aspect ratio above 2 excluded (700 axons; the Fig. 3f legend calls the 350 per hemisphere "individual fields", but the df, 696 = 700 - 4, and the Methods' 175 axons per hemisphere per animal on average make them axons). ANOVA on side with monkey as a fixed effect, readings (a) and (b). Reproduced when, under both readings, side has P < 0.05 with the stimulated side lower, and each monkey's mean g-ratio is lower on the stimulated side.
- fig4a-cortical-down-subcortical-up
After SCC-DBS, whole-brain functional connectivity between cortical areas decreased and connectivity between subcortical areas increased.
Broadly, we observed a reduction in cortico–cortical functional connectivity and a concurrent increase in subcortico–subcortical functional connectivity
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 1; Fig. 4a top right, Fig. 4b topHow it will be judged
The paper reports no test of the blocks; the pattern is read from the difference connectome (Fig. 4a) and the per-ROI changes (Fig. 4b). Connectome as in the opening comment, DBS group (N and T). Readings (a) the mean of the off-diagonal entries of the group difference connectome within the cortical (CHARM) block and within the subcortical (SARM) block; (b) each ROI's mean change to all other ROIs (the Fig. 4b measure), with the median over cortical ROIs and over subcortical ROIs. Reproduced when, under both readings, the cortical value is negative and the subcortical value positive.
- fig4b-roi-changes-counts
Per ROI, functional connectivity changed significantly between pre and post scans in 69 of the 122 CHARM and SARM ROIs in the DBS group and in 44 of 122 in the nonsurgical control group.
How it will be judged
From Methods (EPI data analysis) and the Fig. 4b legend. For each of the 122 ROIs, its 122 connectivity values (Fisher Z, group mean) pre against post with a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Open, and run under each reading. The test's pairing of values (a) rank-sum of the 122 pre values against the 122 post values, as the Methods name; (b) the 122 change values against zero (signed-rank), as the legend's "changes ... from zero". The threshold (a') P < 0.01/122, Bonferroni over ROIs; (b') the Bonferroni-adjusted P (P x 122) < 0.01, which is the same, so the open part is whether the listed P values are adjusted (see the opening comment); a third reading takes the listed P values as raw and the threshold P < 0.01, uncorrected. Whether the 122 values include the ROI's own diagonal is not stated (121 or 122 values are both run). Reproduced when both counts are within tolerance under one reading.
- fig4c-network-sorted-reduction
Sorted by cortical network membership, functional connectivity within and across networks was reduced after SCC-DBS.
When the functional connectivity was sorted based on cortical networks membership, it was clear that connectivity within and across networks was reduced
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 1; Fig. 4c leftHow it will be judged
The paper does not give which network each of the 122 ROIs belongs to for Fig. 4c, nor a test (the circular plot draws changes with |Z| > 0.1). If the paper's code deposited in the dandiset assigns the ROIs to networks, use it; reproduced when, in the DBS group's difference connectome, the mean change over all within-network ROI pairs and the mean change over all between-network ROI pairs are both negative (the sentence's "within and across networks"). The sign of each network block and pair of networks is reported. Without that assignment the claim is blocked as methods_underspecified.
- fig4-nonsurgical-no-pattern
In the nonsurgical control animals, scans 6 to 7 weeks apart showed no systematic pattern of functional connectivity change.
In these control animals, a comparison conducted between scans acquired 6–7 weeks apart did not reveal a systematic pattern of functional changes
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 1; Fig. 4a,b bottom, Fig. 4c rightHow it will be judged
A claim of absence for which the paper reports no test; it compares Fig. 4a and 4b by eye. Judged on the measure of fig4a-cortical-down-subcortical-up applied to monkeys B, W and H. Reproduced when, under both readings, the DBS pattern (cortical block negative and subcortical block positive) is not present; not reproduced when it is. The block values of both groups are given side by side, and the count of significant ROIs from fig4b-roi-changes-counts is noted (the paper's own tables list 44 in the controls).
- fig5a-pre-scc-connectivity
Before stimulation, the SCC was positively connected with vmFC, dACC, PCC, STG, hippocampus, amygdala and DLPFC, and negatively with the insula and somatosensory cortex.
Before stimulation, the SCC showed positive connectivity to the ventromedial frontal cortex (vmFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), superior temporal gyrus (STG), hippocampus (HIP), amygdala (AMY) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), as well as negative connectivity to the insula and somatosensory cortex
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 2; Fig. 5a top row; Extended Data Fig. 7 top rowHow it will be judged
No test is reported; Fig. 5a shows maps thresholded at P < 0.01. Pre-DBS normalized seed connectivity (opening comment), mean over the target ROI's voxels pooled over N and T, for vmFC, dACC, PCC, STG, HIP, AMY, DLPFC, anterior-dorsal insula and somatosensory cortex. Readings (a) ROIs in the stimulated hemisphere; (b) both hemispheres pooled; each with per-run and concatenated runs. Reproduced when, under every reading, all seven are positive and both insula and somatosensory cortex negative; partially reproduced when at least seven of the nine signs match under every reading.
- fig5b-scc-decreases
After SCC-DBS, functional connectivity of the stimulated SCC decreased with vmFC, PCC, STG, hippocampus, amygdala, DLPFC and dACC in the stimulated hemisphere, with a significant PrePost x side interaction.
Following 6 weeks of SCC-DBS, there was a marked reduction in functional connectivity between the SCC and the PCC as well as the vmFC. Reductions were also apparent between the SCC and HIP, AMY and DLPFC
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 3; Fig. 5b and legend; Extended Data Fig. 9; Supplementary Table 9How it will be judged
From Methods (EPI data analysis), Supplementary Methods 4 and the Fig. 5b and Extended Data Fig. 9 legends. Normalized seed connectivity voxels of the 17 target ROIs of Supplementary Table 8, both hemispheres, pre and post, N and T. ANOVA DBS x side x ROI full factorial plus monkey (df 1,20279), Tukey-Kramer over the 68 cells. Run with per-run and concatenated seed maps. Reproduced when, under both, the interaction has P < 0.05 and each of the seven stimulated-side ROIs has a pre against post P < 0.05 with post lower; partially reproduced when the interaction holds and at least four of the seven do.
- fig5b-scc-increases
After SCC-DBS, functional connectivity of the stimulated SCC increased with the anterior-dorsal insula and the somatosensory cortex.
The insula and somatosensory cortex exhibited increases in functional connectivity with the SCC following DBS
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 3; Fig. 5a,b; Extended Data Fig. 9; Supplementary Table 9How it will be judged
With the model of fig5b-scc-decreases. Reproduced when the stimulated-side anterior-dorsal insula and somatosensory cortex each have a pre against post P < 0.05 with post higher, under both seed-map readings.
- ed9-control-hemisphere-changes
Although stimulation was unilateral, SCC functional connectivity also changed in the unstimulated control hemisphere, including vmFC, PCC, anterior-dorsal insula and dACC.
Despite DBS being delivered unilaterally and white matter remodeling being confined to the stimulated hemisphere ... functional connectivity changes were also apparent in the unstimulated control hemisphere
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 3; Fig. 5b legend; Extended Data Figs. 8 and 9; Supplementary Table 9How it will be judged
With the model of fig5b-scc-decreases. Reproduced when, under both seed-map readings, the control-side vmFC, PCC, anterior-dorsal insula and dACC each have a pre against post P < 0.05, and the number of control-side ROIs with P < 0.05 is within tolerance of 11 (PCC, vmFC, STG, insula, dACC, DLPFC, area 25, area 32, HIP, somatosensory cortex, MT in Supplementary Table 9).
- ed9-no-change-motor-mcc
Connectivity between the stimulated SCC and motor-related regions (primary motor cortex, SMA) and the MCC did not change.
Notably, we found that there were no apparent changes in connectivity between the stimulated SCC and motor-related regions, including the primary motor cortex or supplementary motor area
Discussion, Effect of SCC-DBS on functional networks, paragraph 3, and Interaction between functional and structural effects of DBS, paragraph 2; Supplementary Table 9How it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, the Tukey-Kramer post hoc of fig5b-scc-decreases at P < 0.05. Reproduced when the stimulated-side motor cortex, SMA and MCC pre against post comparisons all have P >= 0.05; not reproduced when any has P < 0.05. The change and P of each are given either way.
- ed7-decreases-both-monkeys
The reductions in SCC functional connectivity after DBS were consistent across both monkeys.
These reductions in functional connectivity from SCC were consistent across both monkeys
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 3; Extended Data Figs. 7 and 8How it will be judged
No test per monkey is reported (Fig. 5b shows each monkey's mean as a symbol). For each monkey, the mean post minus pre normalized connectivity in the stimulated hemisphere for vmFC, PCC, STG, HIP, AMY, DLPFC and dACC. Reproduced when all seven are negative in both monkeys under both seed-map readings; partially reproduced when at least five of the seven are negative in each monkey.
- fig5a-nonsurgical-no-reduction
The reductions in SCC connectivity, and bilateral changes, seen after SCC-DBS were absent in the nonsurgical control group over 6 weeks.
Notably, such reductions in connectivity were absent in the nonsurgical control group, indicating that these changes are specific to SCC-DBS
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 3; Fig. 5a bottom row; Extended Data Fig. 7 right column; Extended Data Fig. 8 bottom rowHow it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, the voxelwise post minus pre map of connectivity with the right SCC in monkeys B, W and H, thresholded at P < 0.01 with clusters larger than 20 voxels (cluster-level corrected P < 0.01, two-sided; the Fig. 5a legend). The paper does not name the voxelwise test or the cluster neighbourhood; the readings are (a) a two-sample t-test per voxel between the pre and post run maps pooled over the three monkeys; (b) a one-sample t-test of the three monkeys' post minus pre maps; each with faces-only and faces, edges and corners neighbourhoods, and with per-run and concatenated seed maps. The paper thresholds the same control maps at P < 0.01 (Fig. 5a, Extended Data Fig. 7) and at P < 0.05 (Extended Data Fig. 8 bottom row, clusters > 20 voxels); both thresholds are run. Reproduced when, under the readings, no significant cluster of decrease lies in the vmFC, PCC, STG, HIP, AMY, DLPFC or dACC ROIs of either hemisphere; not reproduced when one does. If the readings disagree, the claim is blocked as methods_underspecified with every result shown. The ROI-level change of the controls (the measure of fig5b-scc-decreases, without the monkey term) is shown as a variant.
- fig5c-dmn-lim-cen-decrease
After SCC-DBS, functional connectivity of the stimulated SCC with the hubs of the default mode, limbic and central executive networks decreased, with a significant PrePost x side interaction.
After chronic stimulation, the DMN, LIM and CEN showed significantly decreased functional connectivity with SCC
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 4; Fig. 5c and legendHow it will be judged
From Methods (EPI data analysis) and the Fig. 5c legend. Each network's voxels are the union, with repeats, of its hub ROIs' voxels (opening comment), LIM under readings (a) with area 25 and (b) without. ANOVA DBS x side x network full factorial plus monkey, Tukey-Kramer over the 24 cells. Reproduced when, under all readings, the interaction has P < 0.05 and the stimulated-side DMN, LIM and CEN each have a pre against post P < 0.05 with post lower.
- fig5c-smn-increase
SCC connectivity with the sensorimotor network increased after SCC-DBS, although that network has few direct CB connections.
As noted above, there was an increase in connectivity between the SCC and the SMN
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 4; Discussion, Effect of SCC-DBS on functional networks, paragraph 3; Fig. 5cHow it will be judged
With the model of fig5c-dmn-lim-cen-decrease. Reproduced when the stimulated-side SMN pre against post comparison has P < 0.05 with post higher, under all readings.
- fig5c-vis-no-change
SCC connectivity with the visual network, and with the areas within it, did not change after SCC-DBS.
In comparison, there was no change in relation to the VIS or areas within the VIS
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 4; Fig. 5c; Extended Data Fig. 9How it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's tests, the Tukey-Kramer post hoc of fig5c-dmn-lim-cen-decrease (VIS) and of fig5b-scc-decreases (visual cortex and MT), at P < 0.05. The sentence names no hemisphere. The Fig. 5c legend lists no VIS difference on either side, so the VIS network is judged on both sides; for the areas the stimulated side is judged, because the paper's own Supplementary Table 9 gives control-side MT P = 7.85e-7 against its sentence. Reproduced when the VIS comparisons of both sides and the stimulated-side visual cortex and MT comparisons all have P >= 0.05; not reproduced when any has P < 0.05. The control-side visual cortex and MT are reported.
- fig5c-san-rebalanced
In the stimulated hemisphere, the salience network as a whole showed no change in connectivity with the stimulated SCC, because its anterior-dorsal insula node increased and its dACC node decreased.
did not as a whole exhibit consistent changes after SCC-DBS ... Specifically, the anterior-dorsal insula exhibited increased connectivity with the SCC, whereas the dACC showed decreased connectivity following 6 weeks of DBS
Results, Whole-brain functional connectivity changes following SCC-DBS, paragraph 4; Fig. 5b,c; Extended Data Fig. 9How it will be judged
With the models of fig5c-dmn-lim-cen-decrease and fig5b-scc-decreases. Reproduced when the stimulated-side SAN comparison has P >= 0.05 (the paper's test for the absence), and the stimulated-side anterior-dorsal insula increases and dACC decreases, each at P < 0.05.
- fig6a-monkey-d-cb-fa-decrease
In the unstimulated lead-implanted monkey D, FA decreased in the CB of the implanted hemisphere and did not change in the other tracts.
Second, in direct contrast to the SCC-DBS animals, we saw a significant decrease in FA in the CB of the implanted hemisphere and no changes in any of our other target tracts
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 2; Fig. 6a and legend; Extended Data Fig. 10aHow it will be judged
As fig2a-cb-fa-increase, for monkey D alone, without the monkey term (df 1238). Reproduced when the PrePost x side x tract interaction has P < 0.05, the sham-side CB pre against post comparison has P < 0.05 with post lower, and none of the other five tract and side comparisons has P < 0.05.
- fig6b-monkey-d-dacc-cb-decrease
In monkey D the CB FA decrease was significant in the dACC portion of the implanted hemisphere, more anterior than and opposite in direction to the MCC-CB increase after stimulation, although reductions were diffuse across the CB.
This decrease in FA is more anterior and the opposite direction of that observed in the stimulation group
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 2; Fig. 6b and legendHow it will be judged
As fig2b-mcc-cb-fa-increase, for monkey D alone, without the monkey term (df 492). Reproduced when the interaction has P < 0.05, the sham-side dACC-CB pre against post comparison has P < 0.05 with post lower, and the sham-side MCC-CB shows no significant increase.
- fig6c-monkey-d-cc1-no-change
In monkey D, the CC1/DAPI ratio in the MCC-CB did not differ between the implanted and control hemispheres.
the ratio of myelinated oligodendrocytes (CC1/DAPI) in the MCC-CB did not differ between the implanted and control hemispheres
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 2; Fig. 6c and legendHow it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, a two-sided paired t-test of the 28 field ratios between hemispheres at P < 0.05 (Methods). How fields are paired across hemispheres is not stated; readings (a) by section and field number as recorded in the dataset; (b) by order within section when no field number is recorded. Reproduced when the test has P >= 0.05; not reproduced when P < 0.05. The mean difference and dz are given either way, and an unpaired test is shown as a variant.
- ed10c-monkey-d-subcortical-decrease
In monkey D, whole-brain connectivity changes after implantation were less coherent than after SCC-DBS, cortico-cortical changes were mixed, and subcortico-subcortical connectivity decreased, the opposite of the SCC-DBS group.
Cortical-to-cortical connections showed more random connectivity changes, and subcortical-to-subcortical connections showed a consistent negative change, which is the opposite direction of what we saw after SCC-DBS
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 3; Extended Data Fig. 10cHow it will be judged
No test of the blocks is reported. With the readings of fig4a-cortical-down-subcortical-up applied to monkey D's difference connectome. Reproduced when, under both readings, the subcortical value is negative. The cortical value and the fraction of negative cortical entries are reported; "more random" is not otherwise tested.
- fig6d-monkey-d-scc-local-increase
In monkey D, SCC functional connectivity changed little after implantation, apart from a localized increase at the implantation site.
Additionally, there was very little alteration in the functional connectivity associated with the SCC, except for a localized increase in connectivity at the site of implantation
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 3; Fig. 6d; Extended Data Fig. 10dHow it will be judged
Judged on the voxelwise thresholded map of the Fig. 6d legend (P < 0.01, clusters larger than 20 voxels), with the voxelwise test readings of fig5a-nonsurgical-no-reduction that apply to one animal (reading (a), pre against post runs). Reproduced when a significant cluster of increase lies at the lead track and no significant cluster of decrease lies in the vmFC, PCC, STG, HIP, AMY, DLPFC or dACC ROIs. The paper gives the lead location only as images; if the dataset does not give it, the claim is blocked as metadata_insufficient.
- fig6e-monkey-d-no-network-reduction
In monkey D the reductions in SCC connectivity with the DMN, LIM and CEN seen after SCC-DBS were not observed.
Notably, the widespread reductions in connectivity that we saw in the DMN, LIM and CEN after SCC-DBS were not observed
Results, The impact of SCC-DBS lead insertion on functional and structural brain networks, paragraph 3; Fig. 6e and legendHow it will be judged
A claim of absence, judged on the paper's test, the model of fig5c-dmn-lim-cen-decrease for monkey D alone without the monkey term (df 10972), Tukey-Kramer at P < 0.05, with the LIM readings. What "not observed" covers is open, (a) the sham side, (b) both sides; the paper's own legend lists significant control-side DMN and CEN differences without their direction. Reproduced when no DMN, LIM or CEN comparison of the sides the reading covers is a significant decrease; not reproduced when one is. If the readings disagree, blocked as methods_underspecified with both shown.
- ed10d-monkey-d-roi-changes
Among vmFC, PCC, anterior-dorsal insula and dACC, monkey D showed a significant pre against post difference in SCC connectivity only for the sham-side vmFC and the control-side anterior-dorsal insula.
A significant pre–post difference was observed in the sham side vmFC ( P = 7.83e-04) and control side anterior-dorsal insula
Extended Data Fig. 10d legendHow it will be judged
The model of fig5b-scc-decreases for monkey D alone, without the monkey term (17 ROIs, df 10106). Reproduced when the interaction has P < 0.05 and, of the eight comparisons (four ROIs, two sides), exactly the sham-side vmFC and the control-side anterior-dorsal insula have P < 0.05. Directions are reported; the paper does not give them.
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